Vitamin D

The sun, month by month

Sunrise and sunset in Rome in December

On December 1 in Rome the sun rises at 07:20 and sets at 16:40; on day 31 it rises at 07:38 and sets at 16:49. Over the month the day gets 9 minutes shorter.

In Rome (41.9° latitude), December 2026 has 31 days whose sun rises at 07:20 and sets at 16:40 on the 1st, and at 07:38 and 16:49 on the 31th. Mid-month the day lasts 9 h 08 min and the sun reaches 25° above the horizon. Even so, the UV index never reaches 3 at any point in the month: at this latitude and time of year, the ozone layer absorbs UVB before enough of it reaches the ground. So in December there is no vitamin D synthesis in Rome at any hour of the day, however long you stay out.

Sunrise07:32
Sunset16:40
Golden hour15:55–16:40
Day length9 h 08 min

Where does the sun rise and set in Rome in December?

Where it risesSoutheast121°
Where it setsSouthwest239°

Mid-December in Rome: the sun rises in the southeast — a bearing of 121°, measured from true north — and sets in the southwest, at 239°. That is 31° south of due east at sunrise, and the same 31° south of due west at sunset. From the 1st to the last day of the month both points barely move.

Approximate bearings: they can be a couple of degrees out. They are measured from true north, not the north a phone compass points to.

Day by day

All times are local to Rome. Dawn and dusk mark civil twilight.

DayDawnSunriseSunsetDuskDay length
106:4907:2016:4017:119 h 19 min
206:5007:2116:3917:119 h 18 min
306:5107:2216:3917:109 h 17 min
406:5207:2316:3917:109 h 16 min
506:5307:2416:3917:109 h 15 min
606:5307:2516:3917:109 h 14 min
706:5407:2616:3917:109 h 13 min
806:5507:2616:3917:109 h 12 min
906:5607:2716:3917:119 h 12 min
1006:5707:2816:3917:119 h 11 min
1106:5707:2916:3917:119 h 10 min
1206:5807:3016:3917:119 h 10 min
1306:5907:3016:4017:119 h 09 min
1406:5907:3116:4017:119 h 09 min
1507:0007:3216:4017:129 h 08 min
1607:0107:3216:4017:129 h 08 min
1707:0107:3316:4117:129 h 08 min
1807:0207:3316:4117:139 h 08 min
1907:0207:3416:4117:139 h 07 min
2007:0307:3416:4217:149 h 07 min
2107:0307:3516:4217:149 h 07 min
2207:0407:3516:4317:159 h 07 min
2307:0407:3616:4317:159 h 08 min
2407:0407:3616:4417:169 h 08 min
2507:0507:3716:4417:169 h 08 min
2607:0507:3716:4517:179 h 08 min
2707:0507:3716:4617:179 h 09 min
2807:0607:3716:4617:189 h 09 min
2907:0607:3816:4717:199 h 10 min
3007:0607:3816:4817:199 h 10 min
3107:0607:3816:4917:209 h 11 min

Approximate astronomical values: they can shift a minute or two from year to year.

What about vitamin D in December?

In December the sun doesn't climb high enough in Rome for vitamin D synthesis: the season to mind your diet or consider supplementation.

See the Rome vitamin D guide

Common questions about the sun in Rome in December

Where does the sun set in Rome in December?
Mid-December in Rome: the sun sets in the southwest, a bearing of 239° measured from true north, which is 31° south of due west. It rises in the southeast, at 121°. Over the month both points barely move.
How much daylight does Rome lose in December?
Over December the day gets 9 minutes shorter in Rome: on December 1 the sun rises at 07:20 and sets at 16:40, and on day 31 it rises at 07:38 and sets at 16:49.
How many hours of daylight does Rome get in December?
In mid-December the day lasts 9 h 08 min in Rome, from sunrise at 07:32 to sunset at 16:40. The table has the day length for each of the 31 days of the month.
What time does it start to get light in Rome in December?
In mid-December the sky starts to get light at 07:00 in Rome, when the sun is 6° below the horizon, and the sun itself does not rise until 07:32. The “Dawn” column of the table gives that time for every day of the month.
What time does it get dark in Rome in December?
It's not the same time as sunset. In mid-December in Rome the sun sets at 16:40, but there is still light: civil twilight does not end until 17:12, when the sun reaches 6° below the horizon and usable outdoor light runs out. The “Dusk” column of the table gives that time day by day.
What time of day can you make vitamin D in Rome in December?
At no time of day. Not even at midday on December 15 does the UV index reach 3 in Rome, and below that minimum the skin makes no vitamin D, however long you stay out. In December it is the season to mind your diet or consider supplementation.